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PICA 2007
AMIBIASIS
According to the General Secretariat of Epidemiology,
Amoebiasis is one of the most widespread illness in Mexico. (1)
In our country, one of the principle causes of illness is
amoebiasis, which according to the latest report from the Epidemiology
authorities is classified as the fifth most common disease and within the 20
main health problems in the Mexican population. (1)
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almost 763 thousand cases of amoebiasis (71 thousand less than last year,)
this disease is a grave health problem when combined with the poverty
and living conditions of many that are afflicted by it. It can become
one of the most severe afflictions for the Mexican population,
especially in disenfranchised communities.(1) |
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1.- Fuente: Sistema Único De Información Para La Vigilancia
Epidemiológica 7 Dirección General De Epidemiología / SSA. (http://www.dgepi.salud.gob.mx/infoepi/index.htm)
In Mexico, Amoebas are more virulent than in other countries
In March 2006 in Paris, the Mexican
pathologist Esther Orozco became one of the five winners of the Prize to
Women in the Sciences, which is presented by the United Nations
Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). This award
is one of the most important in its field, second in importance only to
the Nobel Prize. It acknowledges the research of scientists all over the
world, one per continent. Orozco was awarded as the Latin American
winner for her research on amoebiasis, a problem which kills around 100
thousand people in developing countries each year.
Orozco also received a medal from the Pasteur Institute in 1997. She is
a researcher in the Experimental Pathology Center for Research and
Advanced Studies (Cinvestav) of the National Polytechnic, where she
works in search of a vaccine against amoebiasis, a disease caused by
microorganisms and the third cause of parasitic death in Mexico. “It is
an illness of the poor that could be prevented with health education and
better water treatment, but which is poorly funded by the authorities
because it is most common in developing countries,” Orozco says.
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The presence of the amoeba in the large intestine is due to the ingestion of food or beverage that is infected with the parasite, and it can “invade the lungs, liver, testicles, etcetera, and cause very serious infections, even lethal, if medication is not administered,” Orozco explained.
She pointed out that “in Mexico amoebas are more virulent” than in other
countries and that as many as 15% to 20% of the 105 million inhabitants of
Mexico “have had contact with the parasite.”(2)
Currently this illness continues to plague our country, and in order to treat it,
a medicine that can cover the entire development cycle of 7 to 10 days of the
amoeba should be administered.
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3.- Fuente: Fuente: Personal Academico Cinvestav. (http://www.cinvestav.mx/patologia/eorozco.html
)
The result of research and clinical trials shows that “intestinal amoebiasis is
more lethal in the elderly, while the amebic liver abscess is more common in men
that are between 30 ad 45 years of age, and has a high mortality rate.” The
latest statistics show that in Mexico there are “16 million carriers of the
parasite, 1.3 million people suffer from the disease and about 10 to 30 thousand
have died from it. This means that 90% are simply carriers and show no symptoms,
while only 10% suffer from amoebiasis.”(4)
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90% of the carriers of amoebiasis present no symptoms
of the disease.(4)
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How the PICA was born
Given the dire situation of amoebiasis in Mexico, Liomont –
conscious of it social commitment—began the Integral Program Against Amoebiasis
(in Spanish, the PICA), which is an ambitious philanthropic project and consists
in establishing an aid program in communities that have the gravest need to
overcome the amoebiasis problem. PICA provides free and complete treatment
against this illness.
Don Saumel Rimoch, Executive President of Laboratorios Liomont |
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General, Executive and Commercial Heads of Laboratorios Liomont
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PICA’s main objective is to benefit the necessitous for free.
4.- Fuente: SALUD PUBLICA DE MEXICO
MAYO-JUNIO DE 1992, VOL.34, No.3 TITULO:
ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA: UN DESAFIO VIGENTE AUTORES: Ma. del Carmen
Conde-Bonfil -1 Carlos de la Mora-Zerpa -2 (http://www.insp.mx/salud/34/343-12s.html)
The first year more than 30,000 full, free remedies were
administered to communities in the south of Mexico.
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This project was presented to the authorities in the
form of the Secretary of Health, Dr. Julio Frenk Mora, who through Dr.
Roberto Tapia Conyer, head of the Subsecretary of Health Protection and
Prevention, authorized and endorsed the project in September of 2003.
That same year, Laboratorios Liomont, along with the corresponding
authorities, called to the most necessitous communities and succeeded in
bestowing more than thirty thousand full treatments to communities in
the south.
Medical attention through the Health Centers and Hospitals in each area
was dispensed, as well as treatments for the patients with amoebiasis
and for their families, everything provided for free by Liomont.
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More than 130,000 people treated with Flagenase 400
In the course of 2004 and 2005, the PICA project extended
throughout the country and reached more than 33,000 families, all treated with
Flagenase 400 of which more than 130,000 full treatments were donated. This
project would not have been possible without the help of each and every doctor
and health practitioner, members of the Secretary of Health, who participated.
The following are a few of the doctors involved and communities helped by the
PICA project:
In 2006, PICA was taken to the northern mountain range of
Puebla, to a community named Hueytlalpan. Here more than 2,000 indigenous people
were treated, all of whom suffered from both amoebiasis and respiratory
infections. With the help of the leaders of this catholic community, and a group
of doctors led by Dr. Guadalupe Ostos Rios and Dr. Paris Cordoba Berman, the
project was successful and the community benefited greatly from the aid provided.
Integral Program Against Amoebiasis
Dra. Guadalupe Ostos Rios |
Dr. Paris Cordoba Berman |
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People without any medical resources are aided. |
PICA benefits children more than any other group.
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The will to help is the best tool in this project. |
People from the community gave clean water in order to help the children. |
The children of the community were a fundamental part of the treatment process. |
The DIF (System for the Development of the Family) in Veracruz
calls for help for its communities from PICA
Colonias: El Predio 1, Pantanal, La Pochota, La Laguna, Cabo Verde, Santa Helena, Laureles, Dos Caminos, Lombardo Toledano, Predio La Loma y La Huaca
In Veracruz the PICA project also took place, where under
the coordination of the municipal DIF, PICA was able to reach the communities in
the gravest need. Dr. Rosario Ramos Reyes, the Medical Coordinator of the
municipal DIF in Veracruz, directed the operation with a well-organized health
brigade in the suburbs of the Veracruz area, where the need is greatest, and
where PICA was able to help several disenfranchised communities.
Pica aids the Anahuac Medical School in its Medical Brigades
2006
The Health Brigade 2006 took place under the direction of
Dr. Tomás Barrientos Fortes, head of the Anahuac University Medical Faculty. In
the course of the last two years, aid is given to the marginalized area of San
Nicolás de Malinalco in the State of Mexico. With the help of Dr. Erik Rosales,
a Pediatrician focused on Infectology from the Children’s Hospital of Mexico,
the PICA program participated and was able to de-parasitise most of the children
and adults in this community gratuitously.
In 2007 the PICA program continues in Mexico, check back for
further details.
Diyodohidroxiquinoleína 200 mg Cada 100 ml de SUSPENSION
contienen: Benzoilmetronidazol equivalente a de metronidazol 2.5 g
Diyodohidroxiquinoleina 2.0 g INDICACIONES TERAPEUTICAS: Amebicida. FLAGENASE
400 por vía oral está indicado en el tratamiento de la amebiasis intestinal y
extraintestinal. FLAGENASE 400 asocia la diyodohidroxiquinoleína (Iodoquinol)
como un fármaco de acción amebicida luminal que elimina tanto la fase activa (trofozoito)
como la pasiva (quiste) de la amiba, evitando el riesgo de portadores
asintomáticos, y el metronidazol un fármaco de eficacia comprobada en el
tratamiento de la amebiasis extraintestinal, incluyendo el abceso hepático.
CONTRAINDICACIONES: hipersensibilidad al metronidazol. No se asocie a alcohol,
anticoagulantes cumarínicos o disulfiram. No se administre a pacientes con
enfermedad orgánica del S.N.C., antecedentes de discrasias sanguíneas o
insuficiencia hepática grave. Diyodohidroxiquinoleína: hipersensibilidad a
cualquier 8-hidroxiquinoleína o preparados que contengan yodo. Daño hepático
previo. PRECAUCIONES O RESTRICCIONES DE USO DURANTE EL EMBARAZO Y LA LACTANCIA:
no se han realizado estudios bien controlados en humanos. El uso del
metronidazol no debe recomendarse en el embarazo. El metronidazol es excretado
por leche materna. No se recomienda su uso en la lactancia. Si es necesaria su
administración, se puede reinstalar la lactancia 24 a 48 horas después de
suspender el tratamiento. Diyodohidroxiquinoleína: no se ha establecido la
seguridad del uso de la diyodohidroxiquinoleína en el embarazo y la lactancia.
REACCIONES SECUNDARIAS Y ADVERSAS: Metronidazol: Trastornos gastrointestinales
(gastritis, náuseas, vómito), cefalea y rash cutáneo transitorio; y muy
ocasionalmente, a dosis elevadas: lengua saburral, vértigo, depresión, insomnio,
somnolencia, molestia uretral y oscurecimiento de la orina. Todos estos síntomas
desaparecen de inmediato al terminar el tratamiento. Diyodohidroxiquinoleína: se
ha reportado furunculosis (yodotoxicodermia), escalofríos, fiebre, dermatitis,
irritación anal, malestar abdominal transitorio y diarrea, cefalea, bocio y
caída del cabello. Se ha reportado neuritis óptica, atrofia óptica, neuropatía
periférica y neuropatía mielóptica subaguda (SMON) en pacientes tratados con
dosis altas de hidroxiquinoleínas (Clioquinol). INTERACCIONES MEDICAMENTOSAS Y
DE OTRO GENERO: el uso concomitante de metronidazol con: Warfarina: inhibe su
metabolismo y puede ocasionar sangrados. Disulfiram: puede producir psicosis
aguda o estado confusional.Etanol: palpitaciones, taquicardia, náuseas y
vómito.Barbitúricos: inducen falla terapéutica ya que acortan la vida media del
metronidazol, acelerando su metabolismo. En estos casos debe incrementarse la
dosis inicial del metronidazol.Diyodohidroxiquinoleína: no se han reportado
hasta la fecha.ALTERACIONES DE PRUEBAS DE LABORATORIO: el metronidazol
interfiere con la determinación sérica: TGP, TGO, DHL (por lo tanto, puede dar
falsos resultados de estas enzimas).Diyodohidroxiquinoleína: pueden elevarse los
niveles séricos de yodo proteico.PRECAUCIONES Y RELACION CON EFECTOS DE
CARCINOGENESIS, MUTAGENESIS, TERATOGENESIS Y SOBRE LA FERTILIDAD: se ha
demostrado que el metronidazol es carcinogénico en estudios en ratones y
ratas.También se ha demostrado que el metronidazol es mutagénico en bacterias y
hongos, sin embargo, estos hallazgos no se han confirmado en
humanos.Diyodohidroxiquinoleína: no existen estudios adecuados y bien
controlados.DOSIS Y VIA DE ADMINISTRACION: oral Niños mayores de 10 años y
Adultos: una cápsula tres veces al día durante 10 días, de preferencia después
de los alimentos. Dosis media: 1.2 g/día de metronidazol. Dosis máxima: 2 g/día
de metronidazol en casos graves o amebiasis complicada. Niños: De 1 a 9 años. La
dosis debe calcularse a razón de 40 mg de metronidazol y de
diyodohidroxiquinoleína por kg de peso/día. Distribuida en 3 tomas al día por 10
días. Dosis media: 125 a 250 mg (1 a 2 cucharaditas cada 8 hs). Dosis máxima:
1.25 g/día en 3 tomas. Cada cucharadita de 5 ml equivale a 125 mg de
metronidazol y a 100 mg de diyodohidroxiquinoleína. SOBREDOSIFICACION O INGESTA
ACCIDENTAL: MANIFESTACIONES Y MANEJO (ANTIDOTOS): no se conoce un antídoto
específico. El tratamiento de la sobredosis con metronidazol debe ser
sintomático y con medidas de apoyo generales. La administración de
diyodohidroxiquinoleína (iodoquinol) en dosis mayores a 2 g/día por periodos
largos, se puede asociar con riesgos significativamente mayores de producir
efectos tóxicos. No hay antídoto específico. El tratamiento deberá ser de
soporte e incluir medidas generales de sostén y lavado gástrico. PRESENTACIONES:
Cápsulas: caja con 30 cápsulas. Suspensión: frasco con 120 ml. RECOMENDACIONES
PARA EL ALMACENAMIENTO: consérvese en lugar fresco y seco por debajo de 40°C,
preferentemente entre 15-30°C. Su envase debe estar bien cerrado. Protéjase de
la luz. LEYENDAS DE PROTECCION: literatura exclusiva para médicos. No se deje al
alcance de los niños. Su venta requiere receta médica. El empleo de este
medicamento durante el embarazo queda bajo la responsabilidad del médico. No se
administre simultáneamente con bebidas alcohólicas. Hecho en México, por:
LABORATORIOS LIOMONT, S.A. DE C.V. Etica Farmacéutica desde 1938 A. López Mateos
68 Cuajimalpa 05000 México, D.F. ®Marca registrada Regs. 70176 y 75910, SSA.
Clave IPP: FER-16495/97
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